British (UK)

The National Curriculum of England (UK) is a very structured curriculum that is designed to meet the needs of all students, stretching brighter children and supporting those who need it through differentiated teaching and learning activities. The curriculum extends and excites all students, whatever their interests or ability. Through it, teachers are able to identify, celebrate and nurture the talents and intelligences of students.

British education is renowned for concerning itself with the development of the whole personality.

In the British education system, students are taught to learn by questioning, problem-solving and creative thinking rather than by the mere retention of facts, hence giving them analytical and creative thinking skills that they will need in the working world. A variety of teaching and assessment methods designed to develop independent thought as well as a mastery of the subject matter is used.

The National Curriculum of England has a clearly defined series of academic and other objectives at every level. mydrasa focuses on Key stage 3 (Year 7-9), Key stage 4 IGCSE/GCSE (Year 10-11) and Key stage 5 A-Level (Year 12-13).

mydrasa added subjects related to Key stage 4 to Year 9, and added subjects related to Key stage 5 to Year 11 for student preparation.

IGCSE stands for the "International General Certificate of Secondary Education". It is a program leading to externally set, marked and certificated examinations from the University of Cambridge. Any student who takes an IGCSE subject will be gaining a qualification that is recognized globally.

The exam boards covered under the International GCSE are Cambridge, Edexcel, and Oxford AQA.

SUbjects

Subjects

Edexcel - Physics - 9PH0

  • Overview
  • Chapters

Physics 9PH0 is the Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Physics.


The Pearson Edexcel Level 3 Advanced GCE in Physics consists of three externally examined papers and the Science Practical Endorsement.


The content for this qualification is presented in two different ways to provide two distinct, flexible, teaching and learning approaches to suit the needs of different types of student:

  • concept-led approach. This approach begins with a study of the laws, theories and models of physics and finishes with an exploration of their practical applications.
  • The Salters Horners context-led approach. This approach begins with the consideration of situations and applications that each draws on one or more areas of physics, and then moves on to the underlying physics laws, theories and models. This approach is based on the Salters Horners Advanced Physics (SHAP) Project.


Component 1: Advanced Physics I.

Component 2: Advanced Physics II.

Component 3: General and Practical Principles in Physics.

Component 4: Science Practical Endorsement.



  • 1: Concept-led approach
    1.1: Working as a Physicist
    1.1.1: The distinction between base and derived quantities and their SI units
    1.1.2: Practical skills and techniques for both familiar and unfamiliar experiments
    1.1.3: Values for physical quantities and use their estimate to solve problems
    1.1.4: The limitations of physical measurement
    1.1.5: Communicate information and ideas in appropriate ways
    1.1.6: Applications and implications of science
    1.1.7: The role of the scientific community
    1.1.8: The ways in which society uses science to inform decision making
    1.2: Mechanics
    1.2.1: The equations for uniformly accelerated motion in one dimension
    1.2.2: Displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs
    1.2.3: The physical quantities derived from the slopes and areas of displacement-time
    1.2.4: Scalar and vector quantities
    1.2.5: Resolve a vector into two components at right angles to each other
    1.2.6: The resultant of two coplanar vectors at any angle to each other by drawing
    1.2.7: The independence of vertical and horizontal motion
    1.2.8: Free-body force diagrams
    1.2.9: The equation ΣF = ma
    1.2.10: The acceleration of a freely-falling object
    1.2.11: Newton’s third law of motion
    1.2.12: Momentum is defined as p = mv
    1.2.13: The principle of conservation of linear momentum
    1.2.14: Use the equation for the moment of a force
    1.2.15: The concept of centre of gravity of an extended body
    1.2.16: The equation for work ΔW = FΔs
    1.2.17: kinetic energy of a body
    1.2.18: The difference in gravitational potential energy near the Earth’s surface
    1.2.19: The principle of conservation of energy
    1.2.20: The equations relating power, time and energy transferred or work done
    1.2.21: Efficiency equations
    1.3: Electric Circuits
    1.3.1: Electric current is the rate of flow of charged particles
    1.3.2: The equation V=W/Q
    1.3.3: Resistance
    1.3.4: The distribution of current in a circuit
    1.3.5: The distribution of potential differences in a circuit
    1.3.6: Derive the equations for combining resistances in series and parallel
    1.3.7: The equations P = VI and W = VIt
    1.3.8: Current-potential difference graphs for components
    1.3.9: The equation R= ρl/A
    1.3.10: The electrical resistivity of a material
    1.3.11: The large range of resistivities of different materials
    1.3.12: The potential along a uniform current-carrying wire
    1.3.13: The principles of a potential divider circuit
    1.3.14: Analyse potential divider circuits
    1.3.15: Electromotive force (e.m.f.)
    1.3.16: The e.m.f. and internal resistance of an electrical cell
    1.3.17: Changes of resistance with temperature may be modelled
    1.3.18: Changes of resistance with illumination may be modelled
    1.4: Materials
    1.4.1: p=m/v
    1.4.2: The equation for viscous drag (Stokes’ Law)
    1.4.3: Falling-ball method to determine the viscosity of a liquid.
    1.4.4: Hooke’s law equation
    1.4.5: (tensile or compressive) stress and strain
    1.4.6: Force-extension and force-compression graphs
    1.4.7: Tensile or compressive stress-strain graphs
    1.4.8: The Young modulus of a material
    1.4.9: The elastic strain energy in a deformed material sample
    1.5: Waves and Particle Nature of Light
    1.5.1: Amplitude, frequency, period, speed and wavelength
    1.5.2: The wave equation v = fλ
    1.5.3: Longitudinal waves
    1.5.4: Transverse waves
    1.5.5: Transverse and longitudinal waves
    1.5.6: The speed of sound in air
    1.5.7: Wavefront, coherence, path difference, superposition, interference and phase
    1.5.8: The relationship between phase difference and path difference
    1.5.9: Standing/stationary wave
    1.5.10: The equation for the speed of a transverse wave on a string
    1.5.11: The effects of length, tension and mass per unit length
    1.5.12: The equation intensity of radiation
    1.5.13: At the interface between medium 1 and medium 2 n1sin θ1= n2 sin θ2
    1.5.14: Critical angle
    1.5.15: Predict whether total internal reflection will occur at an interface
    1.5.16: The refractive index of a solid material
    1.5.17: Focal length of converging and diverging lenses
    1.5.18: Use ray diagrams to trace the path of light
    1.5.19: The equation power of a lens P=1/f
    1.5.20: For thin lenses in combination P = P1+P2+P3+…
    1.5.21: Real image and virtual image
    1.5.22: 1/u +1/v = 1/f for a thin converging or diverging lens
    1.5.23: Magnification = image height/object height
    1.5.24: Plane polarisation
    1.5.25: Diffraction
    1.5.26: Diffraction grating
    1.5.27: The wavelength of light from a laser or other light source
    1.5.28: Diffraction experiments provide evidence for the wave nature of electrons
    1.5.29: de Broglie equation
    1.5.30: Waves can be transmitted and reflected at an interface between media
    1.5.31: Pulse-echo technique can provide information about the position of an object
    1.5.32: The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation
    1.5.33: The equation E = hf
    1.5.34: The absorption of a photon can result in the emission of a photoelectron
    1.5.35: Threshold frequency and work function
    1.5.36: The electronvolt (eV)
    1.5.37: Photoelectric effect
    1.5.38: Atomic line spectra
    1.6: Further Mechanics
    1.6.1: The equation impulse
    1.6.2: The force exerted on an object and its change of momentum
    1.6.3: Conservation of linear momentum to problems in two dimensions
    1.6.4: Collisions between small spheres
    1.6.5: Determine whether a collision is elastic or inelastic
    1.6.6: The kinetic energy of a non-relativistic particle
    1.6.7: Angular displacement in radians and in degrees
    1.6.8: Angular velocity
    1.6.9: Centripetal acceleration
    1.6.10: Centripetal force
    1.6.11: The equations for centripetal force
    1.7: Electric and Magnetic Fields
    1.7.1: Electric field (force field)
    1.7.2: Electric field strength
    1.7.3: The force between two charges
    1.7.4: The electric field due to a point charge
    1.7.5: The relation between electric field and electric potential
    1.7.6: Electric field between parallel plates
    1.7.7: Radial field
    1.7.8: Radial and uniform electric fields
    1.7.9: Capacitance
    1.7.10: The energy stored by a capacitor
    1.7.11: The significance of the time constant RC
    1.7.12: The potential difference (p.d.) across a capacitor
    1.7.13: Exponential discharge in a resistor-capacitor circuit
    1.7.14: Magnetic flux density B, flux φ and flux linkage Nφ
    1.7.15: Fleming’s left-hand rule to charged particles moving in a magnetic field
    1.7.16: Fleming’s left-hand rule to current carrying conductors in a magnetic field
    1.7.17: The factors affecting the e.m.f. induced in a coil
    1.7.18: e.m.f. induced in a coil when there is a change of current
    1.7.19: Use Lenz’s law to predict the direction of an induced e.m.f.
    1.7.20: Faraday’s law
    1.7.21: Frequency, period, peak value and root-mean- square value
    1.7.22: Use the equations Vrms=V0/√2 and I rms=I0/√2
    1.8: Nuclear and Particle Physics
    1.8.1: Nucleon number (mass number) and proton number (atomic number)
    1.8.2: Large-angle alpha particle scattering
    1.8.3: Electrons are released in the process of thermionic emission
    1.8.4: The role of electric and magnetic fields in particle accelerators
    1.8.5: Charged particle in a magnetic field
    1.8.6: Conservation of charge, energy and momentum to interactions between particles
    1.8.7: High energies are required to investigate the structure of nucleons
    1.8.8: The creation and annihilation of matter and antimatter particles
    1.8.9: MeV and GeV (energy)
    1.8.10: The relativistic increase in particle lifetime is significant
    1.8.11: The standard quark-lepton model particles
    1.8.12: Every particle has a corresponding antiparticle
    1.8.13: Laws of conservation of charge
    1.8.14: Particle equations
    1.9: Thermodynamics
    1.9.1: Use the equations ΔE = mcΔθ and ΔE = LΔm
    1.9.2: Calibrate a thermistor in a potential divider circuit as a thermostat
    1.9.3: Determine the specific latent heat of a phase change
    1.9.4: The concept of internal energy
    1.9.5: The concept of absolute zero
    1.9.6: The kinetic theory model
    1.9.7: The equation pV = NkT for an ideal gas
    1.9.8: The relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at fixed temperature.
    1.9.9: Use the equation 1/2m<c2>=3/2kT
    1.9.10: Black body radiator
    1.9.11: The Stefan-Boltzmann law equation
    1.9.12: Wien’s law equation
    1.10: Space
    1.10.1: Intensity equation
    1.10.2: Trigonometric parallax
    1.10.3: Astronomical distances can be determined using measurements of intensity
    1.10.4: Simple Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
    1.10.5: The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram related to the life cycle of stars
    1.10.6: The movement of a source of waves
    1.10.7: Redshift for a source of electromagnetic radiation
    1.10.8: The controversy over the age and ultimate fate of the universe
    1.11: Nuclear Radiation
    1.11.1: Nuclear binding energy
    1.11.2: The atomic mass unit
    1.11.3: The processes of nuclear fusion and fission
    1.11.4: The mechanism of nuclear fusion
    1.11.5: Background radiation
    1.11.6: The nature, penetration, ionising ability and range
    1.11.7: Nuclear equations
    1.11.8: The absorption of gamma radiation by lead
    1.11.9: The spontaneous and random nature of nuclear decay
    1.11.10: Half-lives of radioactive isotopes
    1.12: Gravitational Fields
    1.12.1: Gravitational field (force field)
    1.12.2: Gravitational field strength
    1.12.3: Newton’s law of universal gravitation
    1.12.4: Gravitational field due to a point mass
    1.12.5: Radial gravitational field
    1.12.6: Electric fields compared with gravitational fields
    1.12.7: Orbital motion
    1.13: Oscillations
    1.13.1: Simple harmonic motion
    1.13.2: Simple harmonic oscillator
    1.13.3: Equations for a simple harmonic oscillator
    1.13.4: Displacement–time graph for an object oscillating
    1.13.5: Velocity–time graph for an oscillating object
    1.13.6: Resonance
    1.13.7: The value of an unknown mass
    1.13.8: Damped and undamped oscillating systems
    1.13.9: The distinction between free and forced oscillations
    1.13.10: The amplitude of a forced oscillation
    1.13.11: Damping and the plastic deformation of ductile materials
  • 2: Salters Horners approach
    2.1: Working as a Physicist
    2.1.1: The distinction between base and derived quantities and their SI units (salters)
    2.1.2: Practical skills for both familiar and unfamiliar experiments
    2.1.3: Estimate values for physical quantities
    2.1.4: The limitations of physical measurement (salters)
    2.1.5: Communicate information and ideas in appropriate ways (salters)
    2.1.6: Applications and implications of science (salters)
    2.1.7: Validating new knowledge and ensuring integrity
    2.1.8: The ways in which society uses science to inform decision making (salters)
    2.2: Higher, Faster, Stronger (HFS)
    2.2.1: The equations for uniformly accelerated motion in one dimension
    2.2.2: Displacement-time, velocity-time and acceleration-time graphs
    2.2.3: Physical quantities
    2.2.4: Scalar and vector quantities (salters)
    2.2.5: Resolve a vector into two components at right angles to each other (salters)
    2.2.6: The resultant of two coplanar vectors
    2.2.7: The independence of vertical and horizontal motion of a projectile
    2.2.8: Free-body force diagrams (salters)
    2.2.9: The equation ΣF = ma ( salters)
    2.2.10: Gravitational field strength (salters)
    2.2.11: Acceleration of a freely-falling object
    2.2.12: Newton’s third law of motion ( salters)
    2.2.13: Momentum
    2.2.14: The principle of conservation of linear momentum ( salters)
    2.2.15: The equation for the moment of a force
    2.2.16: The concept of centre of gravity of an extended body (salters)
    2.2.17: Use the equation for work ΔW = FΔs
    2.2.18: The kinetic energy of a body
    2.2.19: The difference in gravitational potential energy near the Earth’s surface
    2.2.20: The principle of conservation of energy (salters)
    2.2.21: Power, time and energy transferred or work done
    2.2.22: The equations of efficiency
    2.3: The Sound of Music (MUS)
    2.3.1: Amplitude, frequency, period, speed and wavelength (salters)
    2.3.2: The wave equation v = fλ (salters)
    2.3.3: Longitudinal waves (salters)
    2.3.4: Transverse waves (salters)
    2.3.5: Transverse and longitudinal waves (salters)
    2.3.6: The speed of sound in air (salters)
    2.3.7: Wavefront, coherence, path difference, superposition, interference
    2.3.8: The relationship between phase difference and path difference (salters)
    2.3.9: Standing/stationary wave (salters)
    2.3.10: The equation for the speed of a transverse wave on a string (salters)
    2.3.11: The effects of length, tension and mass per unit length
    2.3.12: The behaviour of electromagnetic radiation (salters)
    2.3.13: The photon energy related to the wave frequency
    2.3.14: Atomic line spectra (salters)
    2.4: Good Enough to Eat (EAT)
    2.4.1: The equation of density
    2.4.2: The relationship upthrust
    2.4.3: The equation for viscous drag
    2.4.4: The viscosity of a liquid
    2.4.5: The Hooke’s law equation
    2.4.6: Force-extension and force-compression graphs
    2.4.7: At the interface between medium 1 and medium 2 n1sinθ1= n2sinθ2
    2.4.8: Critical angle (salters)
    2.4.9: Total internal reflection
    2.4.10: The refractive index of a solid material (salters)
    2.4.11: Plane polarisation (salters)
    2.5: Technology in Space (SPC)
    2.5.1: Electric current is the rate of flow of charged particles (salters)
    2.5.2: The equation V=W/Q (salters)
    2.5.3: Resistance (salters)
    2.5.4: The distribution of current in a circuit is a consequence of charge conservation
    2.5.5: The distribution of potential differences in a circuit (salters)
    2.5.6: The equations for combining resistances in series and parallel
    2.5.7: The equations P = VI, W = VIt
    2.5.8: Current-potential difference graphs for components
    2.5.9: Electromotive force (e.m.f.) (salters)
    2.5.10: The e.m.f. and internal resistance of an electrical cell (salters)
    2.5.11: Changes of resistance with temperature may be modelled (salters)
    2.5.12: Changes of resistance with illumination may be modelled (salters)
    2.5.13: Intensity of radiation
    2.5.14: Threshold frequency and work function (salters)
    2.5.15: Use the electronvolt (eV) to express small energies
    2.5.16: The photoelectric effect
    2.6: Digging up the Past (DIG)
    2.6.1: The equation R=ρl/A
    2.6.2: The electrical resistivity of a material (salters)
    2.6.3: The large range of resistivities of different materials (salters)
    2.6.4: The potential along a uniform current-carrying wire varies with the distance
    2.6.5: The principles of a potential divider circuit (salters)
    2.6.6: Potential divider circuits
    2.6.7: Diffraction (salters)
    2.6.8: Diffraction grating (salters)
    2.6.9: The wavelength of light from a laser or other light source (salters)
    2.6.10: Diffraction experiments provide evidence for the wave nature of electrons
    2.6.11: de Broglie equation (salters)
    2.7: Spare-Part Surgery (SUR)
    2.7.1: Use the relationships between tensile and compressive stress and strain
    2.7.2: Tensile or compressive stress-strain graphs (salters)
    2.7.3: The Young modulus of a material (salters)
    2.7.4: The elastic strain energy Eel in a deformed material sample
    2.7.5: Focal length of converging and diverging lenses ( salters)
    2.7.6: Ray diagrams
    2.7.7: The equation power of a lens
    2.7.8: Thin lenses in combination
    2.7.9: Real image and virtual image (salters)
    2.7.10: Thin converging or diverging lens with the real-is-positive convention
    2.7.11: Magnification = image height/object height (salters)
    2.7.12: Waves can be transmitted and reflected at an interface
    2.7.13: Pulse-echo technique can provide information about the position of an object
    2.8: Transport on Track (TRA)
    2.8.1: The equation impulse (Newton’s second law of motion)
    2.8.2: The force exerted on an object and its change of momentum
    2.8.3: Collision is elastic or inelastic
    2.8.4: Capacitance (salters)
    2.8.5: Charge and discharge curves fo resistor–capacitor circuits
    2.8.6: Oscilloscope
    2.8.7: Exponential discharge in a resistor-capacitor circuit (salters)
    2.8.8: Magnetic flux density B, flux φ and flux linkage Nφ (salters)
    2.8.9: Fleming’s left-hand rule to current carrying conductors
    2.8.10: The factors affecting the e.m.f. induced in a coil (salters)
    2.8.11: e.m.f. induced in a coil when there is a change of current (salters)
    2.8.12: Faraday’s law (salters)
    2.8.13: Frequency, period, peak value and root-mean- square value (salters)
    2.8.14: Equations Vrms=V0/√2 and Irms=I0/√2
    2.9: The Medium is the Message (MDM)
    2.9.1: Electric field (force field)
    2.9.2: Electric field strength (salters)
    2.9.3: Electric field between parallel plates (salters)
    2.9.4: Radial and uniform electric fields (salters)
    2.9.5: The equation for the energy stored by a capacitor
    2.9.6: Electrons are released in the process of thermionic emission (salters)
    2.10: Probing the Heart of Matter (PRO)
    2.10.1: Applying conservation of linear momentum to problems in two dimensions
    2.10.2: Collisions between small spheres
    2.10.3: Kinetic energy of a non-relativistic particle
    2.10.4: Angular displacement in radians and in degrees (salters
    2.10.5: Angular velocity (salters)
    2.10.6: The equations for centripetal acceleration
    2.10.7: Circular motion
    2.10.8: The equations for centripetal force (salters)
    2.10.9: The force between two charges (salters)
    2.10.10: The electric field due to a point charge (salters)
    2.10.11: Radial field (salters)
    2.10.12: Fleming’s left-hand rule to charged particles
    2.10.13: Nucleon number (mass number) and proton number (atomic number)
    2.10.14: Large-angle alpha particle scattering (salters)
    2.10.15: The role of electric and magnetic fields in particle accelerators (salters)
    2.10.16: Charged particle in a magnetic field (salters)
    2.10.17: Conservation of charge, energy and momentum
    2.10.18: Energies are required to investigate the structure of nucleons
    2.10.19: The creation and annihilation of matter and antimatter particles
    2.10.20: MeV and GeV (energy)
    2.10.21: The relativistic increase in particle lifetime is significant (salters)
    2.10.22: The standard quark-lepton model particles (salters)
    2.10.23: Every particle has a corresponding antiparticle (salters)
    2.10.24: Laws of conservation of charge, baryon number and lepton number
    2.10.25: Particle equations (salters)
    2.11: Build or Bust? (BLD)
    2.11.1: The equations ΔE = mcΔθ and ΔE = LΔm
    2.11.2: Calibrate a thermistor in a potential divider circuit as a thermostat
    2.11.3: The specific latent heat of a phase change
    2.11.4: The condition for simple harmonic motion
    2.11.5: Simple harmonic oscillator (salters)
    2.11.6: Equations for a simple harmonic oscillator (salters)
    2.11.7: Displacement–time graph for an object oscillating (salters)
    2.11.8: The value of an unknown mass (salters)
    2.11.9: Conservation of energy to damped and undamped oscillating systems
    2.11.10: Free and forced oscillations
    2.11.11: The amplitude of a forced oscillation changes
    2.11.12: Damping and the plastic deformation of ductile materials (salters)
    2.12: Reach for the Stars (STA)
    2.12.1: The concept of internal energy (salters)
    2.12.2: The concept of absolute zero (salters)
    2.12.3: Kinetic theory model
    2.12.4: Ideal gas
    2.12.5: The relationship between pressure and volume of a gas at fixed temperature.
    2.12.6: The equation 1/2m<c2>=3/2 kT
    2.12.7: Black body radiator (salters)
    2.12.8: The Stefan-Boltzmann law equation (salters)
    2.12.9: Wien’s law equation
    2.12.10: The equation I=L /4πd2
    2.12.11: Astronomical distances can be determined using trigonometric parallax
    2.12.12: Astronomical distances can be determined using measurements of intensity
    2.12.13: Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
    2.12.14: The life cycle of stars
    2.12.15: The movement of a source of waves relative to an observer/detector
    2.12.16: The equations for redshift
    2.12.17: The controversy over the age and ultimate fate of the universe (salters)
    2.12.18: The concept of nuclear binding energy
    2.12.19: The atomic mass unit (u)
    2.12.20: The processes of nuclear fusion and fission (salters)
    2.12.21: The mechanism of nuclear fusion (salters)
    2.12.22: Background radiation (salters)
    2.12.23: The relationships between the nature, penetration, ionising ability and range
    2.12.24: Nuclear equations given the relevant particle symbols
    2.12.25: The absorption of gamma radiation by lead (salters)
    2.12.26: The spontaneous and random nature of nuclear decay (salters)
    2.12.27: The half-lives of radioactive isotopes
    2.12.28: Gravitational field
    2.12.29: Gravitational field strength definition
    2.12.30: Newton’s law of universal gravitation (salters)
    2.12.31: The gravitational field due to a point mass
    2.12.32: Radial gravitational field (salters)
    2.12.33: Electric fields with gravitational fields
    2.12.34: Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation to orbital motion

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