Nature of longitudinal and transverse waves. Examples include: sound, electromagnetic waves, and waves on a string. Students will be expected to know the direction of displacement of particles/fields relative to the direction of energy propagation and that all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum. Use of ultrasound in medicine. Polarisation as evidence for the nature of transverse waves. Applications of polarisers to include Polaroid material and the alignment of aerials for transmission and reception. Malus’s law will not be expected